Pdf laboratory rearing of the legume pod borer, maruca vitrata. Antennal and behavioral responses of female maruca vitrata. Its production, however, is negatively impacted by many insect pests including bean pod borer, maruca vitrata f. The latter was expressed as a pod evaluation index, ipe, which uses the degree of pod production or pod load pl and pod damage pd. The suitability of mung bean sprouts vigna mungo l.
The legume pod borer, maruca testulalis vitrata geyer is one of the major limitations to increasing the production. Pyralidae, is a pantropical pest of legume crops, particularly cowpea. Pigeon pea is remarkably drought resistant, tolerating dry areas with less than 65 cm annual rainfall, even producing seed profusely under dry zone conditions, as the crop matures early and the incidence of pest damage is low. Ishs xxix international horticultural congress on horticulture. Recent developments in the biological control of legume. The head capsule widths of larvae of the cowpea podborer maruca testulalis, reared individually and crowded together in the laboratory were measured. Cowpea varieties were evaluated for resistance to maruca testulalis using differential insecticide sprays. Analysis by gceag and gcms confirmed previously published findings that e,e10,12 hexadecadienal is the most abundant. New artificial diet for continuous rearing of the bean pod.
Volume 96, page 28 heodes tityrus poda the sooty copper in sussex. Pdf bionomics, host plant resistance, and management of the. The different spray treatments included a monocrotophos spray which does not control the pod borer. The legume pod borer maruca testulalis, and its principal host plant. Potential regional trade implications of adopting bt. Stem and pod wall resistance to the legume pod borer maruca testulalis geyer lepidoptera. Damage to cowpea by the legume pod borer, maruca testulalis geyer, as influenced by infestation density in nigeria. Crambidae, is considered as the most serious pest of food legumes in tropical asia, subsaharan africa, south america, north america, australia and the pacific. Pdf natural enemies of the bean podborer, maruca testulalis in. Three cowpea cultivars, tvu 946, ife brown and vita 1 were examined for resistance to the legume podborer, maruca testulalis geyer.
Knowledge on genetic nature of resistance in the host plant. The arrangement and orientation of the proteincoding, 2 rrna, and 19 trna genes sequenced was typical of insect. Bean pod borer maruca testulalis and asian corn borerostrinia furnacalis in recent years, they have become a very serious pest and cause substantial damage to the crop. Agenda definitions the world market global trends and industry drivers. Thefoliage becomes wet with the sticky secretions of the whiteflies and finally becomes dry and. Legume pod borer, maruca testulalis vitrata geyer is one of the major constraints in increasing the production and productivity of grain legumes in the tropics. Crambidae is one of the key pest species of cowpea and widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions, causing up to 80% of. Biopesticides, a global perspective andy cherry, natural resources institute, university of greenwich, uk ghana, 27 30 june 2005. Pdf development of sex pheromone traps for monitoring the. Bionomics, host plant resistance, and management of the. Hepper as a diet to rear larvae of maruca vitrata fabricius was tested for the first time in laboratory.
Evaluation of biopesticides against legume pod borer. An attractant composition suitable for attracting lepidopterous insects, particularly helicoverpa armigera, for use as an insect lure in a control method aimed at reducing pest damage to crops. Bhl relies on donations to provide free pdf downloads and other services. International symposium on promoting the future of indigenous vegetables worldwide recent developments in the biological control of. Other important insects include pod sucking bugs, aphid while among disease anthracnose is important disease. Crambidae, is a serious pantropical pest of grain legumes. We investigated the role of floral odors from cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. The preferred attractant composition comprises phenylacetaldehyde, salicylaldehyde and at least one compound selected from the group comprising. Akingbohungbeintensive freechoice and nochoice cohort. Seed saving mung bean seed is processed and stored similar to other bean. The larvae may be palegreen, yellow, brown or black control.
Sustaining lives, livelihoods and landscapes ihc2014. Crambidae, which we subsequently used to estimate divergence and relationships within the lepidopteran lineage. Barrion and others published natural enemies of the bean podborer, maruca. Introduction the legume podborer, maruca vitrata f. Globally, maruca vitrata geyer is a serious yield constraint on food legumes including yardlong bean vigna unguiculata subspecies. Cowpea varieties were evaluated for resistance to maruca testulalis using differential insecticide sprays that provided a range of pest densities and crop damage. Effects of volatiles from maruca vitrata larvae and. It causes damage to the flower buds, flowers and pods of the plant. All the jamb past questions have their answers beaneath the question, and many of the answers also included more detailed explanation of the solution.
As such, ipm plays a key role in the context of sustainable agricultural development, by reducing crop losses and thereby increasing productivity while minimizing environmental contamination and. However, there is currently no information how leguminous plants damaged by the pod borer maruca vitrata attract the exotic larval parasitoid therophilus. The effect of volatiles and aqueous extracts of black pepper,piper guineense. The plant known internationally as yambean is arguably one of the most interesting of all the worlds new food crops. Sex pheromone was collected by gland extraction or trapping of volatiles from virgin female moths originating in india, west africa, or taiwan. Studies on the legume podborer, maruca testulalis geyervi. Cowpea pod borer maruca testulalis rice stem borer maliarpha separatella. The legume pod borer maruca testulalis vitrata, is the main pest of the cowpea. Since the dawn of history these yamlike tubers have fed tropical americans. The contribution of hostassociated genetic variation on population structure was investigated using analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 cox1 sequence and microsatellite marker data from m. Maruca testulalis etiella zinckenelia adisura atkinsoni a. Efficacy of a cry1ab gene for control of maruca vitrata. The pests attacked both the vegetative and reproductive stages of crops. The bean pod borer, maruca vitrata fabricius lepidoptera.
Screening for resistance has been carried out using natural infestation, and multi and nochoice tests under greenhouselaborator. Several pests and diseases were identified on african yam bean, sphenostylis stenocarpa. In many herbivorous insects, the attraction to suitable host plants is in part mediated by similar olfactory cues from different host plants. The legume pod borer maruca testulalis, and its principal. Phylogeographical structure in mitochondrial dna of legume.
Jackai, with 60 highly influential citations and 53 scientific research papers. Larvae are pale cream with two rows of distinctive paired black markings on their back. Refer to larvicidal application instructions for more detail. E,e10,12hexadecadienal, e,e10,12hexadecadienol, and e10hexadecenal were described previously as sex pheromone components for this nocturnal moth. Mitochondrial genome sequence and expression profiling for. Insecticides provide effective control of maruca but are often not available to poor farmers, or, if available, they are misused by illiterate growers. Pdf the spatial genetic differentiation of the legume pod borer. Sex pheromone recognition and characterization of three. The species was first described by johan christian fabricius in 1787 it can cause losses of 2080% on the harvests of cowpeas. Nigeria is the worlds largest producer and second in acreage. Sex pheromone recognition and characterization of three pheromonebinding proteins in the legume pod borer, maruca vitrata fabricius lepidoptera.
Pdf legume pod borer, maruca testulalis vitrata geyer is one of the major constraints. Volatiles from maruca vitrata lepidoptera, crambidae host plants. Because growers mostly rely on synthetic pesticides to control this insect, it has developed resistance to some pesticides. Introduction submajor pests major insects minor pests. We report the assembly of the 14,054 bp near complete sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of the legume pod borer lpb, maruca vitrata lepidoptera. Maruca vitrata at 50% flowering in early variety and n. They feed on buds, flowers, pods figure 7 and grains.
In the final instar, these markings are often very pale. Seshamahalakshmi abstract an experiment conducted during kharif, 2010 to evaluate the efficacy of different biopesticides against gram pod. The parasitoid wasp apanteles taragamae is a promising candidate for the biological control of the legume pod borer maruca vitrata, which recently has been introduced into benin. Maruca is a genus of moths of the family crambidae, commonly known as bean pod borers. Crambidae to floral volatiles from two host plants, vigna unguiculata l. West africa is the main centre of diversity for cowpeas.
A study on maruca vitrata infestation of yardlong beans vigna. The pod borer, maruca testulalis, discussed at greater length. Here you can study jamb past questions and answers on any subjects of your choicem from the list of the available subjects. Therefore, at present the traps cannot be said to be a technology. Barrion and others published natural enemies of the bean podborer, maruca testulalis in the philippines find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The bean pod borer, maruca testulalis geyer is a major pest of cowpea, mungbean, and bush. There is no natural source of genetic resistance to. Young larvae feed inside flowers for 57 days before moving to the pods. Pests and diseases of african yam bean, sphenostylis. The legume pod borer maruca vitrata is a major destructive insect found on the yardlong bean, causing serious damage from the flowering stage. Pdf life cycle of spotted pod borer, maruca testulalis geyer on. Studies on relative toxicity of biopesticides to helicoverpa armigera hubner and maruca vitrata geyer on pigeonpea cajanus cajan l.
The spatial genetic differentiation of the legume pod borer, maruca vitrata f. Tomat penggerek buah helicoverpa armigera 9 abimee 100 sc natrium bispiribak. The effects of volatiles from cowpea and peabush flowers and maruca vitrata larvae on host selection behavior of the parasitoid apanteles taragamae were investigated under laboratory conditions by using a ytube. The production trend shows a significant improvement of cowpea cultivation in this country from 1961 to 1995. The measurements were subjected to a test of analysis of variance, frequency distribution and dyars rule. Crambidae is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on a variety of leguminous plants in the tropics and subtropics. Cowpea varieties were evaluated for resistance to maruca testulalis using. Anatomical parameters of cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. Natural enemies of the bean podborer, maruca testulalis. A study on bionomics of maruca testulalis geyer spotted pod borer was carried out underthe laboratory conditions at an average temperature of 26. Stud ies on the legume pod borer, maruca testulalis geyer iv. Several biochemical factors are known to be associated with insect resistance in pigeonpea.
Its common names include the maruca pod borer, bean pod borer, soybean pod borer, mung moth, and the legume pod borer. Due to the fact that 10 ng l 1 with nuclease free water. Onheavily infested leaves there is not a square centimeter free fromeggs, nymphsor adults. Dabhade department of entomology, junagadh agricultural university, junagadh 362 001, india abstract studies on population dynamics of spotted pod borer revealed that the incidence of this pest. The cowpea pod borer maruca testulalis is a key problem murdock et al. The legume pod borer, maruca vitrata fabricius lepidoptera. The legume pod borer, maruca vitrata, is a pantropical pest on leguminous crops. Stored mung bean seed is attacked by bruchids callosobruchus spp. Chemoreception is a key feature in selection of host plant by phytophagous insects, and odorantbinding proteins obps are involved in chemical communication of both insects and vertebrates. This study investigated the electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female maruca vitrata fabricius lepidoptera. Maruca vitrata is a pantropical insect pest of leguminous crops like pigeon pea, cowpea, mung bean and soybean. Studies on the biology of the cowpea podborer, maruca. Several genetically engineered cowpea events that contain a cry1ab gene from bacillus thuringiensis bt for. The pests of the vegetative stage were identified as cutworms agrotis spp, aphids aphis craccivora, grasshopper zonocerus variegates, maruca testulalis, cydia ptychora and leafrolling caterpillars sylepta derogate.
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